① 急急急急求一篇机械英文文献！！！！！满分悬赏！！！
我不是学机械的，但是因为轧机的英语是 rolling mills，查到以下几篇文献。
如果感兴趣，发邮件到我邮箱[email protected]，我发给你全文
[1]Grabmair, G., K. Schlacher, and A. Kugi, Geometric energy based analysis and controller design of hydraulic actuators applied in rolling mills. Proceedings of ECC2003, 2003. 421.
[2]Kim, Y. and M. Hur, Application of CDM to MIMO Systems: Control of Hot Rolling Mill. Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering,(in Korea), 2001. 3(4): p. 250-256.
[3]Li, H., Asymptotic method and numerical analysis for self-excited vibration in rolling mill with clearance. Shock and Vibration, 2001. 8(1): p. 9-14.
[4]Takami, K. and Y. Nakagawa, Advanced Electrical Equipment for Hot-Rolling Mills. MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC ADVANCE, 1997: p. 2-4.
[5]Heeg, R., et al. MODELING AND CONTROL OF PLATE THICKNESS IN HOT ROLLING MILLS.2005
[6]Mackel, I., Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering for Rolling Mills. Steel Technol., 2000. 6(2).
[7]Tervo, J., et al. Intelligent Techniques for Condition Monitoring of Rolling Mill. 2000.
② 求机械类外文文献，毕业设计要用的英文文献。
出处的母语是英语的人写的期刊或者户
对待好的
③ 求有关机械装配的英文文献一篇，5000字左右！WORD格式最好了
分类：文档/报告共享
④ 跪求！！蜗杆传动或者链传动 优化设计的外文文献！！！ 跪求
蜗杆传动 蜗杆传动由蜗杆和蜗轮组成，蜗杆一般作主动件，蜗轮作从动件，做减速运动！
蜗杆传动可用来传递空间两交错轴之间的运动和动力！
蜗杆传动是在空间交错的两轴间传递运动和动力的一种传动，两轴线间的夹角可为任意值，常用的为90°。这种传动由于具有结构紧凑、传动比i大、传动平稳以及在一定的条件下具有可靠的自锁性(Z=1)等优点，它广泛应用在机床、汽车、仪器、起重运输机械、冶金机械及其它机器或设备中。
1 蜗轮蜗杆的形成
蜗杆蜗轮传动是由交错轴斜齿圆柱齿轮的轮齿分度圆柱面上缠绕一周以上，这样的小齿轮称为蜗轮。为了改善啮合状况，将蜗轮分度圆柱面的母线改为圆弧形，使之将蜗杆部分地包住，并用与蜗杆形状和参数相同的滚刀范成加工蜗轮，这样齿廓间为线接触，可传递较大的动力。
蜗杆蜗轮传动的特征：
其一，它是一种特殊的交错轴斜齿轮其二，它具有螺旋传动的某些特点，蜗杆相当于螺杆，蜗轮相当于螺母，蜗轮部分地包容蜗杆。 还可以是蜗杆相当于齿条，蜗轮相当于齿轮，与范成法类似。
2 蜗杆传动的类型
按蜗杆形状的不同可分：
1．圆柱蜗杆传动-普通圆柱蜗杆（阿基米德蜗杆、渐开线蜗杆、法向直廓蜗杆、锥面包络蜗杆）和圆弧蜗杆。
链传动 链传动是通过链条将具有特殊齿形的主动链轮的运动和动力传递到具有特殊齿形的从动链轮的一种传动方式。
链传动有许多优点，与带传动相比，无弹性滑动和打滑现象，平均传动比准确，工作可靠，效率高；传递功率大，过载能力强，相同工况下的传动尺寸小；所需张紧力小，作用于轴上的压力小；能在高温、潮湿、多尘、有污染等恶劣环境中工作。
链传动的缺点主要有：仅能用于两平行轴间的传动；成本高，易磨损，易伸长，传动平稳性差，运转时会产生附加动载荷、振动、冲击和噪声，不宜用在急速反向的传动中。因此，链传动多用在不宜采用带传动与齿轮传动，而两轴平行，且距离较远，功率较大，平均传动比准确的场合。
常见实例：自行车
若要将自行车速度增大，应该将牙盘半径增大，飞轮半径减小，后轮半径增大。现在的变速自行车就是这样设计的。
⑤ 求一篇关于数控机床主传动系统的英文文献
Ordinary lathe main transmission system design specification
A: design, the design of a plain lathe main transmission system, complete transmission series for 8-12.
Second, the design purpose:
1: through the design practice, master machine main transmission system design method.
2: cultivate comprehensive use of mechanical drawing, mechanical design, structure and process related knowledge of engineering design.
3: training manual, atlas, relevant material and design standards.
4: improving technology and prepare technical document.
5: is the graation design teaching implementation of technical preparation.
Third, the design content and the basic requirements:
Design content:
(a) movement design
(1) transmission scheme design (concentration), separate transmission
(2) rotational speed range
(3) than: archke ratio, and mixing ratio and kedoms than male
(4) to determine the structure and structured: (1) : former vice driving less dense than before and after after dredging, (2) solution: a speeding level increases, b: using variable transmission mechanism and branch
(5) rendering speed diagram (1) : former slow velocity rush (2) after the former acc: after the rush
Sanjiaodai (6) : sure. The variable pinion gear group
(7) draw transmission system
(2) power design
(1) the transmission shaft, and the calculation speed: each gear
(2) trunnion shaft
(3) gear mole
(4) : spindle, trunnion (before), after the diameter size in front, before a roughers.tousegravity-flotation (stretched quantity: 100-120), support form, reasonable span of supports L
(3) structure design
(4) check a gear (minimum), check spindle (ocsm), torque,
Basic requirements:
1: according to the requirement of design project, reasonable size, sports and determine relevant parameters.
2: correct use structured, speed diagram design tools, serious scheme analysis.
3: the correct use manual, standard, design patterns must conform to the state standards. Say to the book with engineering terms, the words written neatly, smooth succinct.
4:1 - main transmission system to control electrical tools principle chart 1.
Four, design parameters:
The biggest diameter serial processing spindle speed series (r/min) drive motor power and synchronous speed
1 1000,710,500,355,250,180 400mm
125,90 4.5 kw, 1500r/min,
2 1000,500,355,250,180 400mm
125,90,45, 4kw 1500r/min,
3 320mm 2000,1420,1000,710,500,360
250,180,125,90,63,42, 4kw 1500r/min,
4 320mm 2000,1000,710,500,360,250
180,125,90,63,45,22, 1500r/min 3kw,
5 320mm 2000,1260,1000,800,630,500
4kw 1500r/min, 400,320,250,200,160,100
6 320mm 2000,1250,800,630,500,400,320
250,200,160,100,63, 1500r/min 3kw,
The second group of parameter selection (as design data),
Five, the motion parameters design
(1) transmission scheme design (choice) transmission
(2) rotational speed range
(3) choose than mixing
(4) to determine the structure and structured:
(5) rendering speed: shown below
(6) determine the pinion gear speed group
The calculation of the first expand group pinion gear
The first group of expanding ratio, respectively:
Therefore the minimum number of gear ratio for querying, take, and is,
2 basically the group is respectively: ratio,
Therefore the minimum number of gear ratio for querying, there is,
3 the second expansion ratio of group,
Therefore the gear combinations, at least in the table, and there,
(7) transmission chart is as follows:
Six, the dynamic parameter design
(1) the calculation speed transmission
The axis of rotation axis calculation, the calculation, for 125r/min speed.
Each axis calculation speed is as follows:
1 2 3 serial electric shaft
Computing speed (r/min) 1440
1000 500 177 125
The minimum gear turns as follows: the computation
Axis number and minimum gear combinations, 1 (22) 2 (22) 3 (20) (50),
Computing speed (r/min) 1000 500 180 125
(2) the output power of the shafts
(3) of the shaft torque
N.m (m)
N.m (m)
N.m (m)
N.m (m)
Seven, the design and selection of trunnion keys
A: the shaft, and take into the formula:
Have, however, round
Choose the spline:
Axis, and take into two: formula:
Have, however, round
Choose the spline:
Axis, and take into three: formula:
⑥ 机械类英文文献+翻译
国外文献的查找，推荐你到佰腾科研导航上去查。里面基本上完整收录了国外的专业学术期刊和图书资料站点。地址：
http://go.5ipatent.com/
至于翻译的话，一般不太能找到了。
⑦ 机械 中英文对照文献
About Sheet Metal Fabrication Services
Sheet metal fabrication services providers manufacture components by cutting, bending, rolling, forming, stamping and welding sheet metal. Components manufactured through sheet metal fabrication services are used in a variety of applications such as enclosures, computer equipment, HVAC components, kitchen and sanitary equipment, machine tools and other instrial applications. Sheet metal fabrication services include a diverse range of processes used to fashion sheet metal into usable procts. These processes may be broken down into three rough categories, cutting, forming, and finishing services.
Sheet metal cutting services includes a number of techniques used to cut metal into smaller pieces so that it can be molded or formed into components. Common types of sheet metal cutting involve shearing, electrical discharge machining (EDM), laser cutting, water jet and abrasive cutting. Shearing uses a specialized machine to cut sheet metal by applying shear stress. This process is used to cut large sheets of metal into smaller parts. Laser cutting machines use laser light to cut or etch holes or profiles. Laser cutting machines are very precise programmable pieces of equipment. Water jets and water abrasive jets rely on highly pressurized water (20,000 - 60,000 psi) flowing through a nozzle or "jewel" approximately 0.010" in diameter. Advantages include almost no material heating ring cutting, low side loads, and ability to achieve complex shapes and tight inside radii. Low fixturing costs and fast setup and programming times make this process very suitable for prototypes or short runs. It is most widely used for two-dimensional cutting; three-dimensional machining is possible in specialty applications
Wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment is used to cut conctive materials using a thin electrode. The electrode is a thin wire (typically .004"-.012") that follows a programmed path. The wire does not physically contact the part. It is charged to a certain level and surrounded by de-ionized water. A spark is generated that jumps the gap and melts a small amount of material on the part.
Sheet metal forming processes include those actions used fashion metal into specific shapes or semi-finished pieces. Common techniques include bending and forming, rolling, stamping, punching, welding, and hardware and fastener creation. Bending and forming processes are used to shape the sheet metal to its final shape. In the rolling process, a series of roll stands is used to progressively shape or bend a strip of flat-rolled metal to a desired cross section. Stamping is the process of impressing surface definition and three-dimensional designs onto materials with pressurized tools and dies. Punching is the process of punching holes in the sheet metal. Welding is the joining of metals and metal parts by melting and re-forming a metal bond between materials, with or without additional filler metal. Hardware and fastener creation is the capability to supply and integrate hardware such as handles, latches and threaded, self-clinching fasteners used to provide threads in sheet metal that is too thin or soft to be tapped.
About Sheet Metal Fabrication Services
Sheet metal fabrication services providers manufacture components by cutting, bending, rolling, forming, stamping and welding sheet metal. Components manufactured through sheet metal fabrication services are used in a variety of applications such as enclosures, computer equipment, HVAC components, kitchen and sanitary equipment, machine tools and other instrial applications. Sheet metal fabrication services include a diverse range of processes used to fashion sheet metal into usable procts. These processes may be broken down into three rough categories, cutting, forming, and finishing services.
Sheet metal cutting services includes a number of techniques used to cut metal into smaller pieces so that it can be molded or formed into components. Common types of sheet metal cutting involve shearing, electrical discharge machining (EDM), laser cutting, water jet and abrasive cutting. Shearing uses a specialized machine to cut sheet metal by applying shear stress. This process is used to cut large sheets of metal into smaller parts. Laser cutting machines use laser light to cut or etch holes or profiles. Laser cutting machines are very precise programmable pieces of equipment. Water jets and water abrasive jets rely on highly pressurized water (20,000 - 60,000 psi) flowing through a nozzle or "jewel" approximately 0.010" in diameter. Advantages include almost no material heating ring cutting, low side loads, and ability to achieve complex shapes and tight inside radii. Low fixturing costs and fast setup and programming times make this process very suitable for prototypes or short runs. It is most widely used for two-dimensional cutting; three-dimensional machining is possible in specialty applications
Wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) equipment is used to cut conctive materials using a thin electrode. The electrode is a thin wire (typically .004"-.012") that follows a programmed path. The wire does not physically contact the part. It is charged to a certain level and surrounded by de-ionized water. A spark is generated that jumps the gap and melts a small amount of material on the part.
Sheet metal forming processes include those actions used fashion metal into specific shapes or semi-finished pieces. Common techniques include bending and forming, rolling, stamping, punching, welding, and hardware and fastener creation. Bending and forming processes are used to shape the sheet metal to its final shape. In the rolling process, a series of roll stands is used to progressively shape or bend a strip of flat-rolled metal to a desired cross section. Stamping is the process of impressing surface definition and three-dimensional designs onto materials with pressurized tools and dies. Punching is the process of punching holes in the sheet metal. Welding is the joining of metals and metal parts by melting and re-forming a metal bond between materials, with or without additional filler metal. Hardware and fastener creation is the capability to supply and integrate hardware such as handles, latches and threaded, self-clinching fasteners used to provide threads in sheet metal that is too thin or soft to be tapped.
⑧ 求 机械类外文文献及其中文翻译 要求5000字左右，内容大概是机械专业方面的，英文单词在5000左右，谢谢！
aginable. We seldom think of it. The days
⑨ 求机械类英文文献
机械工程师资格认证的有关要点
（详细情况请在www.cmes.org网站上查看）
●机械工程师资格认证的标准是参照工业发达国家有关标准制定的。开展这项工作的主要目的是①为企业在人才的选择上提供一个客观的评价；②推进国际技术资格互认；③促进机械工程技术人员接受继续教育，构筑终身教育体系。
●我国现在还未加入相应的综合性国际互认组织。中国科协正在启动加入互认组织的程序。中国机械工程学会“资格认证”工作正是这一程序的一部分。特别是“高级机械工程师”就是瞄准将来与国际接轨而设定的。
●机械工程师资格认证实行资格认证、考试、培训的三分离原则，面向社会体现公开、公平、公正；资格认证与继续教育紧密结合，以真正体现专业技术人员的终身教育；进一步与国际接轨，力争国际互认。
●中国机械工程学会开展的“资格认证”是非政府的中介组织行为，属于同行认可的技术（或从业）资格认证。与现在人事部门“职称评定”和有关部门“职业资格”不同。专业技术人员可根据自己的情况自愿申请“资格认证”。
●取得“认证资格”有效期为三年。
●申请认证机械工程师应具备的条件
从事机械工程类工作的专业技术人员只要符合下列条件均可申请机械工程师资格认证。
要求本人具有良好的职业行为道德规范，并提供以下有效文件：
（1）毕业证书原件并保证真实性。学历类别规定：A类：机械类大学本科及以上；B类：机械类大学专科；C类：非机械类工科大学本科及以上；D类：非机械类工科大学专科；E类：同等学历。
“机械类”是指在大学期间学过机械原理、机械零件、理论力学和材料力学四门课程；“工科专业”教育部门对此有专门定义；“同等学历”是指上述两类以外的各类人员。
（2）外语要求具备下列之一：①国家外语四级证书；②人事部门职称外语考试合格证书；③由分中心及我会认可的培训机构培训考核合格证书（此类证书需加盖培训单位和省学会章）。
（3）计算机要求具备下列之一：①计算机等级考试证书；②计算机应用技术三个模块合格证书；③由分中心及我会认可的培训机构培训考核合格证书（此类证书需加盖培训单位和省学会章）。
（4）机械工程师“综合素质与技能”考试合格证书。
（5）继续教育要求具备下列之一：①国家认可的继续教育证书（人事部门发放）；②由分中心及我会认可的培训机构培训考核合格证书（此类证书需加盖培训单位和省学会章）。
（6）实际工作经历，专科毕业4年以上（非机械类需6年），本科毕业3年以上（非机械类需5年），其中必须有1年以上在生产、科研企业工作经历，同等学历者须有15年以上的工作经历。
（7）提供工作总结报告（由本人岗位上级写出工作业绩评语，并需经单位领导签署意见及公章证明）。
（8） 工作年限要有相应证明材料。